Table of contents: General information 🠇 Replacing the coolant 🠇
General information
The cooling system includes a water pump driven by a belt from the crankshaft, an electric radiator fan, a radiator, an expansion tank, a thermostat and a heater core, hoses and switches. When starting a cold engine, the coolant does not enter the radiator, since the thermostat valve is closed, but circulates through the block jacket and cylinder head, then enters the pump again. This ensures rapid warm-up of a cold engine. When the coolant reaches a certain temperature, the thermostat valve opens and the hot coolant passes through the hose to the radiator and is cooled by the oncoming air flow.
Caution: When opening the expansion tank cap on a hot engine, exercise caution as escaping vapors can cause severe burns. To do this, cover the expansion tank cap with a thick layer of cloth and slowly unscrew the cap until a hissing sound is heard. After the hissing stops, slowly unscrew and remove the cap from the expansion tank. Avoid contact of coolant with clothing or vehicle paintwork. Otherwise, rinse the surface with plenty of water. All clamps and clips that are damaged or cut during disassembly of the cooling system must be replaced with new ones during assembly. Collect and dispose of the drained coolant.
Replacing the coolant
It is necessary to replace the coolant after performing any work on the cooling system components that involves draining the coolant. If the cylinder head, cylinder head gaskets, radiator, or oil heat exchanger were replaced during repairs, fresh coolant must be added to the cooling system. This is due to the fact that the anti-corrosion additive in the coolant settles during engine operation and creates anti-corrosion protection. In used coolant, the anti-corrosion additives are less active to form a protective layer on newly installed parts.
Drain the coolant when the engine is cold.
Remove the expansion tank cap.
Place a coolant collection pan under the engine.
Figure 3.45. Location of the plugs (1) for removing air from the cooling system
Unscrew the plugs 1 (figure 3.45) to remove air from the cooling system.
Figure 3.46. Location of the lower radiator hose (1)
Loosen the clamp and remove the hose from the lower radiator hose 1 (figure 3.46) and drain the coolant from the radiator and hose.
If the coolant is heavily contaminated, flush the cooling system. Since it is impossible to completely drain the coolant from the cooling system, it is recommended to flush the cooling system every time the coolant is drained.
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Figure 3.47. Installation of a special container 0173/2 (1) on the expansion tank for filling the coolant
Instead of the expansion tank cap, screw in a special container 1 (figure 3.47) 0173/2 for filling the coolant. This is necessary in order to completely fill the engine cooling system with coolant and remove air from it. If you don't have a special container, you can make it yourself.
Slowly pour BASF GLYSANTIN G33-23F or GUTIT ESSEX REVKOGEL 2000 coolant into the cooling system.
Pour coolant into the expansion tank until it flows out through the air bleed plug hole. Screw on the plugs 1 (see figure 3.45).
For proper bleeding of the cooling system, a special container 1 (see figure 3.47) 0173/2 for filling the coolant must be filled to the 1 l mark.
Start the engine and let it run at 1500–2000 rpm until the second cooling cycle is complete (turning the radiator fan on and off), while maintaining the liquid level at the 1 liter mark.
Stop the engine.
Remove special container 1 (see figure 3.47) 0173/2 to fill the coolant and screw on the expansion tank cap.
Check the coolant level and top it up if necessary.
On a hot engine, the coolant level should be at the "Max" mark; on a cold engine, between the "Max" and "Min" marks.