2. Remove the oil pump (see section 14).
3. If there is a protrusion on the top of the cylinders caused by wear, it must be removed with a scraper or special tool to avoid damaging the pistons during removal. In principle, the presence of such a protrusion may indicate the need for cylinder boring, which inevitably requires new pistons.
4. Check that the connecting rods and connecting rod caps are marked to indicate their position. If there are no marks, make them yourself using a center punch on the oil filter side (connecting rod No. 1 closest to the flywheel).
5. Turn the crankshaft so that pistons No. 1 and 4 are at BDC. Unscrew the nuts on connecting rod cap No. 1, remove the cap and pull out the lower half of the connecting rod bearing shell (see photo).
6. Pull the piston out of the cylinder with the handle of a hammer and remove it from the block, temporarily install the bearing shell and connecting rod cap in place and screw them with nuts so that they do not get lost.
7. Similarly, remove piston No. 4 and then turn the crankshaft 180° in order to move pistons No. 2 and 3 to BDC. Remove these pistons.
8. If you want to install new piston rings into old cylinders, you should clean the cylinder walls from varnish so that the piston rings can seat well. Wrap the crankpins with electrical tape to protect them and sand the cylinder walls using a crisscross pattern. A honing head can be used to polish the cylinder walls. Once polishing is complete, rinse off any remaining abrasive and remove the protective tape from the crankpins.
9. Lay out the pistons with connecting rods in order together with their liners, connecting rod caps and nuts.
10. Place the piston rings so that their ring ends are offset by 120° relative to each other.
11. Clean the bearing shells, caps and connecting rods and install the shells in place so that the mounting protrusions on them fit into the grooves intended for them.
12. Lubricate the cylinder walls, connecting rod journals and liners with oil. Install a piston ring compressor on piston No. 1. With connecting rod journals No. 1 and 4 at BDC, insert piston No. 1 into the cylinder closest to the flywheel, making sure that the cloverleaf-shaped cutout on the piston crown is on the oil filter side.
13. Using the hammer handle, drive the piston into the cylinder through the piston ring compressor (see photo). Place the connecting rod onto the crankpin and install the cover together with the bearing shell, checking that it is seated correctly.
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14. Install the nuts and tighten them to the required torque (see photo). Turn the crankshaft and check it for free rotation.
15. Repeat the above procedure for the remaining three pistons.
16. Install the oil pump (see section 14).
17. Install the cylinder head.